Contents
[hidetoc]Hints for WWW
- The goal of the citation is to allow the information to be retrieved again. Make sure that the information provided in the citation will allow a repeat of the process.
- Copy the addresses exactly as they are found. Extraneous spaces, missing spaces, errors in upper/lower case characters, and misleading symbols in URL's will usually cause failure in retrieval.
- When citing an e-mail, listserv or newsgroup, you have an ethical obligation to be able to produce the message or posting upon request. The essence of citation is verification of information. If a reader cannot retrieve the source, s/he cannot see the full context or confirm the accuracy of presentation.
- The date provided on a web resource may not be the original date of publication for a resource. It may be when it was added to the web. Subscription indexes, however, use the date the article was published.
Refworks and Other Online Citation Management Tools
Citation management tools automatically
format bibliography data. Some require data to be entered into a form, or
in others, the data is inserted from the database being searched; some allow
several folders for saving citations for separate papers while some allow
only one citation at a time; some will format to any of 100 styles while
others will only have one style choice. All will require some editing (ex:
capitalization) in the final form to assure quality.
RefWorks
is the tool with the most features. It includes APA,
MLA, and up to 100
other style formats. References can be automatically inserted from several
of the library databases when searching and can be saved into separate folders
for different papers.
RefWorks is available to the Stout community and may be used on campus or
via remote access. An online RefWorks
Tutorial, a RefWorks Quick Start guide, and instructions for Exporting Records to RefWorks are also available.
To access RefWorks follow these steps:
- Sign Up for an Individual Account for RefWorks*
- Enter the appropriate information (user creates a personal login and password)
- Click on Register to open the program
- You are now ready to use the RefWorks program to conduct a search and retrieve records.
*NOTE: RefWorks allows individual users to create his/her own personal bibliographic database. You will need to set up your own profile by creating a unique username and password.
Multiple local researchers may share the same RefWorks database files by utilizing the same account.
Refwork files may be exported to non-campus users.
Other Citation Makers- Landmarks Citation Machine Fill in the form for MLA and APA citations; one citation at a time; then cut and paste into a document
- IMSA Website Citation Wizard (Illinois Math and Science Academy) Mainly for web resources: fill in the form for MLA and APA citations; one citation at a time; then cut and paste into a document and edit.
- Noodletools.com Subscription and free tools for MLA and APA styles. Also has questions and answers to assist in determining the appropriate format.
- OSLIS Citation Maker (Oregon School Library Information System) MLA style for print, electronic, web, and interview resources: choose a format and input data; create several citations into one document; then cut and paste into a document and edit.
- Microsoft Word 2007 enables you to automatically generate a bibliography based on the source information that you provide for the document.
APA Style Format
The following sites provide guidelines and examples for citations of all types of information resources, both print and electronic:
- American Psychological Association How to cite information off of the web
- Writer's Handbook: APA From UW-Madison Writing Center; Includes examples for print materials and electronic formats
- Using American Psychological Association Format From Purdue's Online Writing Lab; includes examples of print materials, electronic, media and other formats.
- Bibliography Style Handbook (APA) From University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Writer's Workshop. Select Bibliography Style; indicates in text citation format and bibliography formats.
- APA Online! Citation Styles
FOR APA EXAMPLES FOR UW-STOUT DATABASES, USE:
Print Manuals Available in the University Library
- Concise Rules of APA Style REF BF76.7 .C66
- Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association
REF BF76.7 .P83 Copies also in main stacks
For a summary of reference examples and format guidelines, based upon the latest edition of the Publication Manual:
- An Introduction to APA Style from UW-Stout
- APA Research Style Crib Sheet from Georgia Southern University
MLA Style Format
The following sites provide guidelines and examples for citations all types of information resources, both print and electronic:
- Writer's Handbook: Modern Language Association (MLA) UW-Madison Writing Center; Includes examples for print materials and electronic formats.
- MLA Formatting and Style Guide From Purdue's Online Writing Lab; includes examples of print materials and electronic formats and links to other web sites providing MLA examples.
- Columbia Guide to Online Style
- Internet Citation Guides: Citing Resources from the Internet in Research Papers and Bibliographies
- MLA Online! Citation Styles
FOR MLA EXAMPLES FOR UW-STOUT DATABASES, USE:
Print Manuals Available in the University Library
- MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers REF LB2369 .M53 2003
- MLA Style Manual REF DESK
Other Style Formats
Other complete style manuals and writing handbooks are available in print in the University Library.
- ACS Style Guide: A Manual for Authors and Editors of the American Chemical Society REF QD8.5 .A25 1997 Example citations for print materials are at the American Chemical Society.
- AMS Author Handbook, the American Mathematical Society's style manual revised in December 2007, is available on the web.
- American Medical Association Manual of Style REF R119
.A533 1998 Copy also in main stacks. The AMA
Style Guide at the University of Washington Health Sciences Libraries
provides both print and electronic examples.
- For additional electronic formats use Citing Medicine National Library of Medicine Style Guide for Authors, Editors and Publishers, 2nd ed., 2007.
- Note also the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors' Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals: Writing and Editing for Biomedical Publication (also know as the Vancouver style).
- CBE Style Manual, Scientific Style and Format. Council of Biology Editors. CBE style has 2 methods of citation: citation-sequence and name-year. Information and examples of both can be found at the CBE Documentation web page at the University of Wisconsin-Madison's Writing Center and on the Research and Documentation in the Electronic Age: The Sciences web site. Diana Hacker.
- Council of Science Editors. Scientific Style and Format: the CSE Manual for Authors, Editors, adn Publishers REF T11 .S386 2006 This 7th edition now includes recommendations for electronic publication and resources.
- Chicago Manual of Style REF Z253 .U69 2003 Examples from Ohio State University's Library are representative of both the Scientific (natural sciences and social sciences) and the Humanities (fine arts. literature) styles and print and electronic sources. Online Citation Styles provides electronic examples of the Chicago style.
- Introduction to Basic Legal Citations (LII2007 edition) by Peter W. Martin
- Manual for Writers of Term Papers,Theses,and Dissertations
Kate Turabian
REF DESK LB2369 .T8 1996 There are examples from Ithaca College Library - AIP Style Manual, the 4th edition (1997) of the American Institute of Physics style manual, is available on the web.
- Many book publishers and magazine and periodical editors provide specific instructions for authors on their web sites or within their publications. Search for "instructions" and "authors" using a web search engine for a specific publication or publisher.
- International Journal of Food Science and Technology Periodical
Stacks. On both the front cover and inside back cover of
each issue is a section called "Instructions to Authors".
It indicates the format to be users for manuscripts of papers or articles
to be submitted for publication in the journal. More specific guidelines
for authors are available at Blackwell
Publishing.
- Journal of Nutrition Periodical Stacks. A box in each issue's Table of Contents refers to the American Society of Nutritional Sciences for Instructions for Authors Preparation and Submission of manuscripts or their E-mail address to request a printed copy.
Other Style Manuals and Writing Handbooks
- Columbia Guide to Online Style also REF N171.F56 W35 2006
- Other Styles Online! Citation Styles includes instructions and examples of APA, MLA, Chicago Style, CBE and other styles of citing electronic resources.
- Duke Libraries: Citing Sources Within Your Paper A clearly written guide gives examples of citing specific sources using APA, Chicago, MLA, and Turabian. Includes citations for electronic books, online magazines, and web pages
- Cite it Right: the SourceAid LLC Guide to Citation, Research, and Avoiding Plagiarism REF PN171.F56 J63
- The Complete Guide to Citing Government Information Resources Diane Garner REF J9.5.Z99 C66x 2002 Online examples from Uncle Sam: Brief Guide to Citing Government Publications
- Form and Style: Research Papers, Reports, Theses Carole Slade and William Campbell REF LB2369 .C3 2008
- The Blue Book of Grammar and Punctuation
- Hodges' Harbrace Handbook J.C. Hodges and M.E. Whitten PE 1112 .H6 1998
- Psychology Student Writer's Manual Jill MacKay Scott BF76.8 .P76 1999
- Research: The Student's Guide to Writing Research Papers Richard Veit LB2369 .V43 2001
Creating An Annotated Bibliography
- Annotated Bibliographies From Purdue Online Writing Lab includes examples
- Annotated Bibliographies From University of Wisconsin-Madison includes content, format, and writing style
- How to Prepare an Annotated Bibliography From Cornell University Library
- How to Write an Annotated Bibliography From University of California-Santa Cruz
- Writing an Annotated Bibliography From University of Minnesota-Crookston
- Writing an Annotation From Santa Clara University
Avoiding Plagiarism
- How to Avoid Plagiarism Northwestern Unviersity
- How Not to Plagiarize University of Toronto guide
- Plagiarism An annotated webliography of links to plagiarism i.e. case studies, detection tools, term paper sites
- Plagiarism: What It Is and How to Recognize and Avoid It Indiana Unviersity at Bloomington
- Purdue University Writing Lab Good hints for keeping track of quotes and citing correctly
- Quoting and Paraphrasing Sources From the UW-Madison Writing Center
WWW Search Engines
The search engines that are available on the WWW vary in depth and coverage. Explore the search options to find relevant WWW sites. For a list of available search engines and WWW directories, e.g. Google or Yahoo, use Searching the Web from the Library Home Page.
Citations
To cite online resources in appropriate bibliographic style see: Citing Resources
To organize citations and create bibliographies and papers in APA, MLA and other styles see: RefWorks and Other Citation Management Tools
Last Updated: 06/13/2008 and Last Revised: 1/14/08
Contact Denise Madland for more information or help on this topic.